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关于动词的小升初英语语法大全

　 这里所说的动词是指各种动词总称，其中包括be动词、情态动词、助动词、行为动词。

　1、be动词( am, is, are, was, were )

　1)amwas, is was, are--were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，所有复数全用are。

　2)肯定和否定句 I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small.

　3)一般疑问句 Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you arent. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they arent. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isnt.

　4)be动词的否定形式：am not(没有缩写形式)，are not = arent ，is not = isnt 。

　2、助动词( do, does, did )

　do, does用于一般现在时，其过去式did用于一般过去时。它们通常用在疑问句和否定句中。它们的'否定形式：do not = dont, does not = doesnt, did not = didnt。

　注意：在一般现在时中，does用于第三人称单数，其余一律用助动词do;助动词do, does, did后面一定要用动词原形。

　3、情态动词

　情态动词也是一类特殊的动词，平时我们不把它说成是动词。情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中。

　我们现在学过的情态动词有：can、could、shall、should、will、would、may、might 、must。

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英语语法整合

《小升初必会语法(6)--call用法小结》由留学liuxue86.com我整理。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

call既可用作动词,又可用作名词? call用作动词时,既可作及物动词用,也可作不及物动词用?现对其用法作一简单归纳:

一. 用作及物动词时有以下意义:

1. 叫;呼唤;叫来?例如:

Call a doctor at once. 快点叫个医生来?

I called you but you didn?t hear me. 我喊你,但你却没听见?

Call a taxi for me. 帮我叫辆出租车?

2. 称(某人)为?,取名?例如:

His friends call him Bob. 他的朋友都叫他鲍勃?

3. 认为;称为例如:

We called this a success. 我们认为这是一件成功的事?

4. 给?打电话?例如:

I called him this morning. 今天早上我给他打了个电话?

5. 邀请?例如:

Will you call the family to dinner? 你要邀请那一家来吃饭吗?

二. call用作不及物动词时有以下意义:

1. 呼;喊;大叫?例如:

She called to me for help. 她向我呼救?

2. 访问;拜访?例如:

A lady called while you were out. 你不在家的时候,有个女士来访?

3. 要求?例如:

Obey when duty calls. 服从工作需要?

4. 打电话?例如:

He promised to call at noon. 他答应中午打电话来?

三. call用作名词时有以下意义:

1. 呼声;叫声?例如:

We heard a call for help last night. 昨晚我们听到呼救声?

2. 访问?例如:

He made several calls during the day. 他在那一天中拜访了好几个人?

3. 电话;通话?例如:

I?ve just had a call from Tom. 我刚刚接到汤姆打来的电话?

4. 需要;要求?例如:

She is a busy woman with many calls on her time. 她是个大忙人,有很多事等着她去办?

四. 含call的常用短语有:

1. call on/upon sb to do sth号召某人干某事;恳求?请(叫)某人干某事?例如:

The headmaster called on the students to work harder. 校长号召学生们更努力地学习?

We are calling upon you to help us. 我们恳求你的帮助?

2. call on/upon sb拜访;看望某人; call at somewhere登门拜访?例如:

I called on the Smiths yesterday. 我昨天拜访了史密斯一家人?

I called at the Smith?s yesterday. 我昨天去了史密斯家?

I called on the doctor yesterday. 我昨天去看了医生?

I called at the doctor?s yesterday. 我昨天去了医务室?

3. call out大声叫喊?例如:

The boy called out for help to the people on the shore. 那个男孩向岸上的人大声呼救?

4. call in 找来;请来(有目的,为了某一任务)?例如:

Your father is ill, you should call in a doctor at once. 你父亲病了,你应该马上请个大夫来?

The police have been called in to help make it clear. 已请来了警察帮忙把这件事弄清楚?

5. call for要求,需要;提倡,号召; 叫(某人);接(某人,某物);喊着要例如:

People are calling for freedom of all slaves. 人们要求解放所有的奴隶?

Your plan will call for a lot of manpower and money. 你的计划需要花大量的人力和财力?

Success calls for hard work. 成功要靠勤奋?

The workers are calling for strike action in that country. 那个国家的工人们正在号召起来罢工?

Our experiment will call for a lot of money. 我们的实验将需要许多钱?

The baby is calling for his mother. 孩子哭着找妈妈?

I will call for you at ten o?clock. 我10点钟来接你?

The man sat down and called for a glass of beer. 那个人坐下来,要了一杯啤酒?

6. call up给?打电话;征召;使想起(往事);叫醒?例如:

On reaching Beijing, she called up her mother. 一到北京,她就给她母亲打了电话?

Call me up if you have any questions. 如果你有问题要问,请给我打电话?

In most countries, men are called up at the age of eighteen. 在大多数国家,男子18岁就被征召服役?

His brother was called up right at the beginning of war. 战争一开始,他哥哥就被征召入伍?

The photo calls up the story of my grandmother. 这张照片使我想起了我的祖母?

The sound of the birds called up happy memories of my childhood holidays. 鸟叫声使我想起我童年时度假的美好回忆?

What time shall I call you up? 我几点叫你起床?

The doctor was called up four times last night to attend the case. 医生昨晚被叫了四次来料理这个病人?

8. call away 叫走;把?叫开?例如:

She was called away from the meeting to answer an urgent phone call. 她被叫出会场去接一个紧急电话?

9. call back 叫回,召回;回电话?例如:

They called him back from America. 他们把他从美国召回来?

She said she?d call back. 她说她会再打电话来?

10. call off 取消?例如:

The game was called off because of bad weather. 因天气恶劣,比赛被取消了?

巩固练习:

1. The Party and government ____the people to control population growth.

A. called off B. called for

C. called up D. called at

2. I meant____ you, but I was so busy.

A. to call on B. calling on

C. to call at D. calling at

3. ?My sister is a typist at a foreign firm.

?I know this sort of work____ skill and speed.

A. asks for B. calls for

C. looks for D. waits for

4. ?Did you____ your sister when you were in Shanghai?

?Yes, and I also____ my uncle?s during my stay there.

A. call on; called on B. dropped on; visit

C. call on; called at D. call at; called on

5. The ship____ several ports to pick up passengers before crossing the ocean.

A. calls for B. calls up

C. calls on D. calls at

6. ?What about going to the International Women Forum this evening?

?That?s great. I?ll____ you at 6∶00 sharp.

A. call up B. call to

C. call on D. call for

7. The baby is badly ill, please call____ a doctor.

A. in B. for C. at D. up

8. In my opinion more work does not always____ more men.

A. call on B. call at

C. call for D. call up

9. The head of the workshop thought it necessary____ workers for a meeting.

A. calling on B. calling in

C. to call on D. to call in

10. The sound of happy laughter____ memories of his childhood.

A. called on B. called at

C. called for D. called up

11. That was so serious a matter that I had no choice but____ the police.

A. called in B. calling in

C. call in D. to call in

12. The sports meet, originally due to be held last Friday, was finally

____because of the bad weather.

A. set off B. worn off

C. broken off D. called off

13. A well-written composition____ good choice of words and clear organization.

A. calls on B. calls for

C. calls up D. calls off

14. He can?t do the job, because it calls____ skills and patience.

A. up B. for C. on D. in

Key: 1-5 BABCD6-10 DACDD11-14 DDBB

《小升初必会语法(6)--call用法小结》由留学liuxue86.com我整理

英语语法大全整合

　 英语语法大全：疑问句

　 导语 英语语法让很多学生都头疼，因为复杂难懂的句式和词组有时难以记忆。为大家整理了小学英语语法大全，本章主要介绍英语语法中的句子成分，希望对同学们的英语语法学习有所帮助。更多内容尽在。

　 疑问句

　疑问句的主要交际功能是提出问题，询问情况。分为一般疑问句、选择疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。

　 一般疑问句：

　Do you speak English? 你讲英语吗?

选择疑问句：

　Do you like to play football or basketball? 你喜欢踢足球还是打篮球?

　 特殊疑问句：

　Which book is yours? 哪一本书是你的?

　 反意疑问句：

　It's cold today, isn't it?

　小升初英语语法大全：情态动词must与have to的用法

　 must 的用法

　一、表义务，“必须”。例如：

　You must talk to them about their study. 你必须同他们谈谈关于他们学习的事。

　二、在否定结构中表不许。例如：

　You mustn't leave here. 你不能离开这儿。

　三、表推测，暗含有很大的可能性。例如：

　He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他肯定是病了。他的脸色那么苍白。

　注意：之前我们说过 may 也可以表猜测，但是 may 暗含的可能性较小，must 暗含的可能性较大。另外否定的猜测是用can't。例如：

　The baby can't be ill. He is so active. 那宝宝不大可能是病了。他那么活跃。

　四、表不可避免，“必然要，必定会”。例如：

　All men must die. 人总有一死。

　五、表主张，“坚持要，一定要”。例如：

　If you must go, at least wait till the rain stops. 如果你坚持要走，至少也要等雨停了再走。

　六、关于 must 的简短回答：

　-Must I clean the dining room at once? 我必须马上打扫膳厅吗?

　-Yes, you must. 是的。

　-No, you needn't. / No, you don't have to. 不必马上打扫。

　 have to 的用法

　一、have to 表客观的需要和义务，must 表主观的认识。例如：

　I missed the train, so I had to take a taxi. 我没搭上火车，所以我只得打的。(客观上需要打的)

　I must study hard. 我必须努力学习。(主观上认为应该努力学习)

　二、在疑问句和否定句中，have to 多用助动词 do 构成，must 则直接提前或加not。例如：

　Did he have to do it? = Must he do it? 他得做那件事吗?

　而且在否定句中，have to 表不需要，must 表不允许：

　You don't have to go there. 你不需要去那儿。

　You mustn't go there? 你不可去那儿。

　小升初英语语法大全：延续性动词的用法特征

　 一、延续性动词和非延续性动词的概念

　英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。

　延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。

　非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如：open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow, buy等。

　 二、延续性动词的用法特征

1. 延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示“时间段”的状语连用。

　表示时间段的短语有：for+一段时间(eg: for two years)， since从句(eg: since he came here)， since+时间点名词(eg: since last year)， during the past three years, how long, for a long time等。

　例：I have learned English since I came here. 自从我来到这儿就学习英语了。

　 2. 延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的“时间点”状语连用。

　如：It raind at eight yesterday morning.(误)rain为延续性动词，而at eight表示“时间点”，前后显然矛盾。

　如果要用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动作，可以借助come, begin, get等非延续性动词来表示。上句可改为：It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.

　又如以下这段对话：

　-When did you get to know Jack? 你什么时候认识Jack的?

　-Two years ago. 两年前。

　-Then you've known each other for more than two years. 也就是说你们俩认识两年多了。

　-That's right. 没错。

　 小升初英语语法大全：dare的两种用法

　Dare, meaning have the courage to do something, can also be used in two ways:

　Dare的意思是“有勇气做某事”，它也有两种用法：

　 dare 作实义动词

　* as an ordinary verb followed by an infinitive with to, with s in the third person singular and with questions and negatives formed with do:

　作为实义动词时，接带to的不定式，第三人称单数作主语时加s，疑问句和否定句用do来构成：

　He never dares to criticise her for wasting money and she doesn't dare to interrupt him when he's working.

　他从不敢批评她浪费钱，而她不敢打扰他工作。

　 dare 作情态动词

　* as a modal auxiliary verb followed by an infinitive without to, with no third person singular s and with questions and negatives without do:

　作为情态助动词时，接不带to的不定式，第三人称单数作主语时不加s，疑问句和否定句不需要用do来构成：

　Dare she tell him what she thinks about him? She daren't say anything. He will only shout at her. "How dare you speak to me like that?" he will say.

　她敢告诉他她对他的想法吗?她什么也不敢说。他只会对着她咆哮：“你怎敢那样对我说话?”他肯定会这么说。

　Differences in use are not as fixed or clear cut between doesn't dare to and daren't as they are between doesn't need to and needn't, except in expressions or collocations such as:

　doesn't dare to与daren't在用法上的差别不像doesn't need to和needn't那么固定或清晰，除了在以下这些表达和搭配中：

　* How dare you?

　你怎么敢?

　eg: How dare you walk away when I'm talking to you?

　我在跟你说话的时候你怎么敢走开?

　* I dare you to…

　我谅你不敢……

　I dare you to go up to him and ask him for a date.

　我谅你也不敢走到他面前请他跟你约会。

　* I dare say…

　我敢说……

　I dare say you're pretty hungry after all that cycling.

　我敢说你骑了那么久后肯定饿死了。

　In this last example, I dare say means I suppose.

　最后一例中的I dare say的意思是I suppose，我料想。

　小升初英语语法零基础：情态动词can与may的用法

　 情态动词

　情态动词有一定的词义，但词义不完全，须同动词原形连用;

　情态动词没有人称和数的变化;

　疑问句直接把情态动词提前，否定句在情态动词后面加not。

　*情态动词中有一类是具有情态动词特征的词，如have to，但它有人称、数的变化，它的疑问句和否定句的构成方式也和其他情态动词有所不同。

　 can 的'用法

　一、表能力，有“能，会，能够”的意思。例如：

　-Can you drive a car? 你会开车吗?

　-Yes, I can. 我会。/ No, I can't. 我不会。

　二、表允许，在口语中代替may，有“可以”的意思。

　(见下面 may 的用法第四点)

　三、表示可能性，常用于否定句和疑问句。例如：

　Can it be true? 那会是真的吗?

　Today is Sunday. He can't be at school. 今天是星期天，他不可能在学校里。

　很多同学都不太清楚 can 与 be able to 的异同吧，赶快来学习一下吧

　 may 的用法

　一、表示许可或征求对方的许可，有“可以”的意思。例如：

　You may go now. 你可以走了。

　May I use your computer? 我用一下你的电脑可以吗?

　二、回答以 may 开头的疑问句有如下表达法：

　-May I smoke here? 我可以在这儿抽烟吗?

　-Yes, you may. / Yes, please. 请抽吧。

　-No, you can't. / No, you mustn't. / No, you'd better not. 请不要抽烟。

　三、表示猜测，通常只用于陈述句。例如：

　You may be right. 你可能是对的。

　四、在口语中 can 可以代替 may 表示许可，但 can 较随便，may 更正式。例：

　Can I use your bike, John? 约翰，我可以用一下你的自行车吗?

　May I have a look at your license please, sir? 先生，我可以看一下你的执照吗?

　小升初英语语法大全：can have done用法小结

　 can have done

　can have done 通常只用于否定句和疑问句。用于否定句时表否定推断，推测肯定没做;用于疑问句时意为“难道真的做了吗”，表示怀疑。例如：

　Can he have done such a foolish thing? (= Is it possible …?)

　他会做这样的傻事吗?(表怀疑)

　He can't have taken it home.

　他不可能把它带回家了。(表不可能)

　 could have done

　could have done 可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，也可以表示对过去动作的推测;用于否定句和疑问句的情况与can have done相同。例如：

　You could have done better, but you didn't try your best.

　你本可以做得更好，但是你没有尽力而为。(表惋惜)

　This glass is cracked. Someone could have dropped it.

　这个玻璃杯破了。可能是谁把它掉在地上了。(表推测过去)

　Could he have left the work unfinished?

　他会丢下工作不干了?(表怀疑)

　He couldn't have checked out so early.

　他不可能这么早就离开了。(表不可能)

　注意：can't have done 的语气比 couldn't have done 要强一些。例如：

　He can't have been to that town.

　他根本不可能去过那座城市。(语气略强)

　The measurement couldn't have been wrong.

　测量不可能出错了吧。(语气稍弱)

　小升初英语语法大全：助动词的用法

　 常见的助动词有：

　be(无词义)，do(无词义)，have(无词义)，shall 将要，will 将要。

　 一、be 的助动词用法

　be 作为助动词，用来构成进行时态和被动语态。如：

　We are working hard in the garden.(构成现在进行时)

　我们在花园里辛勤劳动。

　The house was painted purple.(构成被动语态)

　房子被刷成紫色的。

　 二、do 的助动词用法

　do 作为助动词，用来构成疑问句、否定句、强调句。如：

　Do you live in Shanghai?(构成疑问句)

　你住在上海吗?

　I don't like to have hamburgers.(构成否定句)

　我不喜欢吃汉堡包。

　Do come please.(构成强调句)

　一定要来。

　 三、have 的助动词用法

　have 作为助动词，用来构成完成时态。如：

　Have you finished the work?(构成现在完成时)

　你的工作完成了没有?

　 四、shall 和 will 的助动词用法

　shall 和 will 作为助动词，用来构成将来时态。如：

　I will call you this evening.(构成一般将来时)

　今晚我会打电话给你。

　What shall we do next week?

　下个星期我们做什么?

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